“牌话”与“佛娘”在同里宣卷民间传承中的功能分析

The Role of“Paihua”and“Foniang”in the Non-governmental Inheritance of the Tongli's Speaking-singing Art of Xuanjuan

国家级非物质文化遗产“同里宣卷”是一颇具民族传统特色的古老的民间说唱艺术和地方曲艺。“非遗”背景为同里宣卷的生存提供了合法化的途径,并赋予了同里宣卷以新的活力。与此同时,宣卷的传承不仅需要政府的扶持,更需要民间力量的佐助。同里宣卷作为一种民间俗信文艺,自有其民间传承路径。“牌话”和“佛娘”作为宣卷的民间传承的重要力量,分别在传统和当代社会中对同里宣卷的传承起到了至关重要的作用。在“非遗”视域中,如何在政府途径下更好地发挥民间的力量,成为宣卷研究者们需要共同思考的问题。

As national intangible cultural heritage,“Tongli Xuanjuan”is a traditional fork speaking-singing art with local music features.Selected as“intangible cultural heritage”,“Tongli Xuanjuan”has gained a legal room for survival and new vitality for development.However,the inheritance of this folk art needs not only governmental support,but also non-governmental assistance.As a form of local folk art,“Tongli Xuanjuan”has its own non-governmental way of inheritance.As important non-governmental elements of inheritance,“Paihua”,which is similar to a broker,and“Foniang”,which literally means a“Buddhist Lady”,have played a significant role in the inheritance of“Tongli Xuanjuan”in both traditional and modern societies.Therefore,it is important to consider how to bring the non-governmental factors into full play in a government dominating framework from the perspective of the“intangible cultural heritage”.