汉代酒泉郡驿置道里新考

A New Study on the Distance between the Mile-Marking Posts in Jiuquan Prefecture in the Han Dynasty

据悬泉里程简Ⅱ90DXT0214①:130A,汉代酒泉郡自东而西设有表是、玉门、池头(沙头)、乾齐等十一处驿置,从酒泉郡表是到敦煌郡渊泉的道路里程为694汉里(约合289公里),每个站点平均相距28.9公里(69.4汉里)。表是为酒泉郡自东向西的第一处驿置。西汉乐涫县治当在肃南明花乡明海城遗址,绥弥县治当在下河清乡皇城故城。据里程判断,绥弥到禄福之间还应设有一处驿置。禄福与玉门之间有天等三处驿置,天居中,其余两处驿置一东一西,位于东西大道之上。天当治骟马西古城。汉玉门县当在今赤金绿洲之内低窝铺以东、赤金镇西北一带,沙头县在今玉门镇中渠村一带,或即中渠村古城。乾齐是酒泉郡最西一处驿置,位于沙头之西,现存"渊泉县故城"或即汉乾齐县城。渊泉为西汉敦煌郡属县,其故城不在三道沟镇,当从他处寻之。

According to Ⅱ90 DXT0214①: 130 A, a slip on the distance between mile-marking posts from the Han dynasty found at the ancient Xuanquan site, 11 posts were placed in Jiuquan prefecture, namely(moving east to west) Biaoshi, Yumen, Chitou(Shatou), and Ganqi. The distance from Biaoshi in Jiuquan prefecture to Yuanquan in Dunhuang prefecture is 694 Chinese li(circa. 289 km), and the average distance between the posts is 28.9 km(69.4 Chinese li). Biaoshi was the first post starting westwards from Jiuquan prefecture. The seat of Leguan County in the Western Han period was most likely located at the Minghaicheng site in Minghuaxiang, Sunan County, and the seat of Suimi County is projected to be the site of Huangcheng in Xiaheqing Village. According to the distances, there should be another post between Suimi and Lufu. There are three posts between Lufu and Yumen, with Tianyi in the middle, all of them placed along the east-west traffic route, Tianyi being the archaeological site of Shanmaxi. The Yumen County of the Han dynasty was likely located to the east of Diwopu within today’s Chijin Oasis and to the northwest of Chijin Town. Shatou County should be located near today’s Zhongqu Village in Yumen or the site of ancient Zhongqu Village. Ganqi is the westernmost post in Jiuquan prefecture, located to the east of Shatou, and is located in what is likely today’s Yuanquan historical site, which during the Han dynasty was part of Ganqi County. Yuanquan was a post within Dunhuang prefecture in the Western Han dynasty, its exact location is most likely not to be found in Sandaogou Town as previously believed.