国家政策视角下国际STEM教育发展路径、价值取向和启示

The Development Path,Value Orientation and Enlightenment of International STEM Education from The Perspective of National Policy

STEM作为一种全新的教育形态成为关注的焦点,这种教育形态的兴起与发展与国家教育政策有着紧密的联系。文章通过梳理美国、英国、德国、澳大利亚和芬兰等国有关STEM教育国家政策文件、教育法规,形成了美国及其主要国家的STEM教育发展路径,并从社会组织方式、教育目标选择等方面,通过分析主要文件精神,对其价值取向进行了阐述。在此基础上,再结合中国目前的STEM教育现状,提出了“加强STEM教育的顶层设计;构建优良的STEM学习生态系统;实施有效整合的项目化学习和建立实证数据库进行有效评价”的启示,为中国STEM教育发展提供参考。

STEM as a new form of education has become the focus of attention.The rise and development of this form of education are closely related to the national education policy.The paper combed the United States,Britain,Germany,Australia,and countries such as Finland on STEM education policy documents,education laws and regulations,has formed the United States and its main STEM education development path,and from the social organization,education target selection,etc.,through the analysis of the main document spirit,its value orientation are expounded.On this basis,combined with the current situation of STEM education in China,the thesis proposed"strengthening the top-level design of STEM education;Building an excellent STEM learning ecosystem;The enlightenment of"implementing effective integrated project-based learning and establishing empirical database for effective evaluation"provides reference for the development of STEM education in China.