用人单位在职场性骚扰防治中的法律风险及对策

On the Legal Risks and Countermeasures in the Prevention and Control of Sexual Harassment in the Workplace

我国对于职场性骚扰的立法不足,导致在法律实务中对职场性骚扰的认定只能依赖于法官的自由裁量。我国立法仅原则上规定了用人单位对职场性骚扰防治的义务,用人单位在防治职场性骚扰过程中,往往因劳动规章制度内容和程序的瑕疵、工作场所内监控设施使用不当、内部调查取证中侵权和用人单位对行为人不当处理等陷入困境,面临法律风险。我国应对职场性骚扰进行专项立法,制定《职场性骚扰防治条例》,明确界定职场性骚扰,细化防治义务,明确雇主责任,规范雇主惩戒权,保护劳资双方的合法权益。用人单位应增强法律意识,通过订立详尽的劳动规章制度、提高职场透明度和建立有效的处理机制等措施,营造公平和谐的职场环境,有效防治职场性骚扰,实现劳资利益双赢。

Insufficient legislation on sexual harassment in the workplace in China leads to the identification of sexual harassment in the workplace and the responsibility of employers in legal practice can only rely on the discretion of judges.China’s legislation only stipulates in principle the employer’s obligation to prevent sexual harassment in the workplace.In the process of sexual harassment in the workplace,the employers often get into trouble and face legal risks due to the defects in the content and procedures of labor rules and regulations,improper use of monitoring facilities in the workplace,infringement in internal investigation and evidence collection,and improper treatment of the actor by the employer.China should enact special legislation on workplace sexual harassment,formulate regulations on prevention and treatment of workplace sexual harassment,clearly define workplace sexual harassment,specify prevention obligations,clarify employers’responsibilities,regulate employers’power of punishment,and protect the legitimate rights and interests of both employers and employees.Employers should enhance the awareness of the law,establish detailed labor rules and regulations,improve workplace transparency and establish effective handling mechanisms and other measures,to create a fair and harmonious workplace environment,effectively prevent workplace sexual harassment,and achieve the benefits of both labor and capital.