论乾嘉之后湘西苗疆的文化治理

On the Cultural Governance of Miao Ethnic Region in Western Hunan Province After the Qianlong-Jiaqing Period of Qing Dynasty

经历乾嘉苗民起义的震动之后,清廷转变治理思维,其在军事防控外,实施了多元化的统治策略,文化治理是其中之一。具体表现为其通过加强王朝认同、兴办学校、敕封神灵、发展科举等文化策略治理湘西苗疆。清廷在湘西苗疆实施的文化治理涉及湘西苗疆政治、经济、社会等层面,渗透于苗民日常生活之中,其改变了湘西苗疆的文化发展脉络,构建了新型社会秩序,深层次地改善了湘西苗疆的民族关系,大大地巩固了清王朝在该地区的统治。

After experiencing the shock of Miao people’s uprising during the Qianlong-Jiaqing period,the Qing government changed its governance thought and implemented diversified governance strategies besides military prevention and control,and cultural governance is one of them.The concrete manifestation is that it manages the Miao region in western Hunan through cultural strategies such as strengthening dynasty identification,setting up schools,naming gods and spirits,and developing imperial examinations.The cultural governance implemented by the Qing government in the Miao region of western Hunan involves the political,economic and social aspects of the Miao region of western Hunan and permeates the daily life of the Miao people.It has changed the cultural development context of the Miao region of western Hunan,constructed a new social order,deeply improved the ethnic relations in the Miao region of western Hunan,and greatly consolidated the Qing dynasty’s rule in the region.