河南新县野生油茶群体表型变异特征研究

Phenotypic variation of natural Camellia oleifera populations in Xinxian County of Henan Province

为揭示河南新县野生油茶群体的变异特征,以新县7个典型野生油茶生长区的群体为研究对象,测定了油茶叶、花、果相关的15个性状,采用变异系数、相关性分析、聚类分析和方差分析等方法,分析油茶表型性状的多样性及群体间和群体内的变异特征。结果表明,新县野生油茶叶、花、果形态在群体内及群体间的表型多样性均较为丰富,7个群体间叶、花、果形态差异均达到极显著水平。7个群体内15个性状中,鲜籽质量变异程度最高(49.79%),其次是鲜籽数、单果质量和果皮厚,变异程度最低的是叶长(10.67%);聚类分析在欧式平均距离在阈值15处,将新县野生油茶群体分为了两大类,在不同程度上反映了各群体的特征。

In order to reveal the variation characteristics of natural Camellia oleifera populations in Xinxian County of Henan Province,the populations of 7 typical Camellia oleifera growing areas in Xinxian County were used as research objects.The 15 traits related to leaves,flowers and fruits were determined.The variation coefficients,correlation analysis,cluster analysis and variance analysis were used to analyze the diversity of phenotypic traits and the variation characteristics between and within the populations.The results showed that the morphological diversity of leaves,flowers and fruits in Xinxian County was abundant within the population and between the populations.The differences in leaf,flower and fruit morphology between the seven populations reached significant or extremely significant levels.Among the 15 traits in the 7 groups,fresh seed had the highest degree of variability(49.79%),followed by fresh seed,single fruit weight and peel thickness,while leaf length had the lowest variability(10.67%);According to the cluster analysis natural camellia populations in Xinxian were divided into two categories at the Euclidean mean distance threshold of 15,which reflects the characteristics of each population to varying degrees.