固始鸡与矮脚鸡/瑶鸡的杂交对后代鸡冠发育及性成熟的影响

Effect of crossbreeding between Gushi Chicken and Dwarf Chicken/Yao Chicken on comb development and sexual maturity of progenies

分析比较了固始鸡(GG:G♂×G♀)及其杂交组合YG:Y♂×G♀、GA:G♂×A♀鸡冠的发育以及产蛋的情况。试验以同日龄、相同饲养条件下的固始鸡及其杂交组合为试验材料,记录鸡冠的发育以及鸡群初期产蛋情况,并在120日龄时称重后进行屠宰,取出卵巢/睾丸进行称重。综合冠高和冠厚,在整个发育过程中鸡冠的发育表现为YG>GA>GG;GA公鸡的睾丸发育较早,其次YG,而固始鸡大部分公鸡发育都较晚;大多数YG母鸡的卵巢发育较早,GA只有少数发育较早,固始鸡母鸡的发育最晚。另外,YG、GA和GG产第一枚蛋的时间分别为104、108、119日龄,宰前1周的产蛋率也表现为YG>GA>GG。研究结果表明杂交组合GA和YG的性成熟在一定程度上比固始鸡纯系GG早。

This study analyzed and compared the comb development and egg production of Gushi Chicken(GG:G♂×G♀)and its hybrid combination YG:Y♂×G♀,GA:G♂×A♀.The test was carried out with Gushi Chicken and its hybrid combination under the same feeding age and the same feeding conditions as the test materials.The development of the comb and the initial egg laying of the chickens were recorded,and the chickens were slaughtered after weighing at 120 days,with the ovaries/testicles removed for weighing.In terms of comb height and thickness,the development of the comb during the whole development process was YG>GA>GG;The testis development of GA cocks was earlier,followed by YG,while most of the comb of Gushi Chickens developed late;The ovaries of most YG hens developed earlier,but only a few of GA developed earlier,and GG developed latest.In addition,the time of laying the first egg of YG,GA and GG was at the age of 104,108 and 119 days old,and the egg laying rate in the week before slaughter was also as follows:YG>GA>GG.The results indicates that the sexual maturation of GA and YG hybrids was earlier than that of pure line GG of Gushi chicken to some extent.