遗传病二代测序临床检测全流程规范化共识探讨(1)——遗传检测前流程

A consensus on the standardization of the next generation sequencing process for the diagnosis of genetic diseases(1)-Procedures prior to genetic testing

遗传检测前的准备工作是基因检测的基础和出发点,其流程包括临床信息收集、检测方案拟定、检测前遗传咨询以及知情同意书和检测委托书的填写等。临床若能有效识别出遗传性疾病,可极大提高二代测序的诊断率,从而降低医疗成本,提高临床诊疗的功效。二代测序结果的分析在很大程度上依赖于对基因型-表型相关性的了解,全面准确地采集和评估临床表型,并用统一的标准术语来描述和记录尤为重要。不同类型的遗传病或突变种类需要用特定的检测手段方能事半功倍。检测前遗传咨询能够帮助患者及其亲属了解相关基因检测的意义并协助制定个体化的检测策略,为后续的跟踪随访奠定基础。

Pre-testing preparation is the basis and starting point of genetic testing.The process includes collection of clinical information,formulation of testing scheme,genetic counseling before testing,and completion of informed consent and testing authorization.To effectively identify genetic diseases in clinics can greatly improve the diagnostic rate of next generation sequencing(NGS),thereby reducing medical cost and improving clinical efficacy.The analysis of NGS results relies,to a large extent,on the understanding of genotype-phenotype correlations,therefore it is particularly important to collect and evaluate clinical phenotypes and describe them in uniform standard terms.Different types of genetic diseases or mutations may require specific testing techniques,which can yield twice the result with half the effort.Pre-testing genetic counseling can help patients and their families to understand the significance of relevant genetic testing,formulate individualized testing strategies,and lay a foundation for follow-up.