粪菌移植治疗炎症性肠病的研究进展

Evolution of clinical treatment in inflammatory bowel diseases by fecal microbiota transplantation

炎症性肠病(inflammatory bowel disease,IBD)病因复杂,病理机制尚未完全明确,目前认为病情的进展与肠道菌群的变化有关。常规内科抗炎治疗容易出现较大的不良反应。近年肠道菌群研究的不断深入,为该病提供了新型的治疗方法。粪菌移植(fecal microbiota transplantation,FMT)治疗IBD的多项随机对照临床试验均获得良好的治疗效果,受到国际医学界的广泛关注。该文综述了近5年来FMT的方法学改进、肠功能调控作用机制研究进展,并对FMT研究中的难点和发展方向进行了总结。

The etiology of inflammatory bowel disease(IBD) is complex, and the mechanism has not yet been fully clarified. It is currently believed that the progression of the disease is related to the alterations of intestinal flora. Conventional medical anti-inflammatory treatment has large side effects. In recent years, with the continuous study of intestinal flora, a new kind of therapy has been applied to the disease. Many randomized controlled trials(RCT) of fecal microbiota transplantation(FMT) have achieved good therapeutic effects on IBD, and this regimen has received extensive attention. This paper reviews the progression of FMT and its mechanisms of intestinal function regulation in the past five years. Meanwhile, the challenges and future directions in the research of FMT are also summarized.