越南广平省洞海市牌匾用文及汉越词调查

An Investigation of Characters on Plaques and Sino-Vietnamese Words in Dong Hoi city,Quang Binh Province,Vietnam

利用数码相机拍照、实地观察、访谈和问卷调查法搜集第一手材料,描述越南广平省洞海市牌匾用文及汉越词使用现状,分析市民对牌匾用文的态度,揭示牌匾用文不规范之处,提出语言文字使用规范标准的对策建议,旨在为语言景观研究提供参考个案。调查表明,国家机关牌匾用文以越南文单文为主,体现了越南语文的国家地位;官方牌匾用文符合国家语文政策的规定,非官方牌匾使用英文单文则违反了相关规定。牌匾中出现的汉越词占78.8%,体现了汉越词的地位;调查对象对牌匾使用越英双文持积极态度。本研究建议越南应当尽快颁布国家语言法,宣传和落实《越南广告语言文字法》,制定外来词使用规范标准,规范牌匾用文的使用。

In this paper,the methods of photographing using digital cameras,field research,interviews and questionnaires are used to collect first-hand data to describe the current situation of using the Sino-Vietnamese words on plaques in Dong Hoi city,Quang Binh province,Vietnam.The public's attitude towards the use of characters on plaques is analyzed,their irregularities of using characters are pointed out,and suggestions are proposed in order to provide reference cases for language landscape studies.It is shown by the investigation that the plaques of state organ are mainly written in Vietnamese,reflecting the state status of the Vietnamese language;the words on official plaques are used in accordance with the provisions of the national language policy;if there is only English on unofficial plaques,it violates relevant regulations.Sino-Vietnamese words used on the plaques account for 78.8%,reflecting the status of Sino-Vietnamese words.The subjects of the investigation had a positive attitude towards the use of both Vietnamese and English on the plaques.It is suggested in this study that Vietnam should promulgate the national language law as soon as possible,publicize and implement the Vietnamese Advertising Language Law,and formulate the standards for the use of foreign words and plaque language.