基于自然通风的空间形态设计--新加坡高等教育建筑六案例分析

Spatial Form Design Based on Natural Ventilation--Analysis on Six Cases of Singapore Higher Education Institutional Buildings

气候适应性是绿色建筑设计的关键内容。通过六个典型案例,本文分析了新加坡热带气候条件下高等教育建筑的自然通风设计策略。这些建筑的空间布局的主要特征是通过空间的离散布置,形成虚空的通风廊道。自然风的引导与半室外空间的设置相结合,以实现有效降温。庭院、中庭和分布于建筑立面的通风口形成了湿热地区建筑的"多孔"特征。风口及风道形态促进气流加速,立体绿化有效降低了建筑周边气温,均有助于提升空间使用者的热舒适。

The climate adaptability is the key contents of green architectural design.Based on six typical cases,this paper analyzes the natural ventilation strategies of higher education institutional buildings in the context of Singapore tropical climate.These cases mainly feature discretized space configuration which forms the void ventilation corridors.The combination of natural ventilation corridors and semi-outdoor spaces could implement passive cooling effectively.Courtyards,atria and vents along the facades form the porosity characteristic of buildings in hot and humid climates.The wind scoops and corridors facilitate the airflow speed.The 3 D greenery could cool down the ambient air temperature of a building.These two measures help to promote thermal comfort of the occupants.