从《国医砥柱月刊》“痢疾专号”探析民国时期痢疾诊疗特色

Analysis on Diagnostic and Treatment Characteristics of Dysentery in Minguo Period from“Dysentery Special”in Chinese Medicine Pillar Monthly

以《国医砥柱月刊》“痢疾专号”为研究对象,对民国时期痢疾的病名、病因、诊断、治疗及预后等情况进行了分析研究。“痢疾专号”中涉及治疗痢疾的方剂共317首,以成方方剂居多。提及10次以上的方剂有5首,其中以白头翁汤最多,共17次。涉及治疗痢疾的药物共有150味,其中被应用10次以上的有6味,杭白芍被应用21次。民国时期痢疾的诊疗特色主要概括为理清源流,分型分期论治;继承创新,中医西医兼顾;临证施治,多法多方并用;赤痢疫痢,疑似病证相鉴;辨别死候,妇幼相别;注重细节,误治延治规避;重视医案,夹叙夹议相合。

This article takes“Dysentery Special”in Chinese Medicine Pillar Monthly as the research object,analyzes the disease name,etiology,diagnosis,treatment and prognosis of dysentery during Minguo period.There are 317 formulas which can be used to treat dysentery in“Dysentery Special”,most of them are set prescriptions.There are 5 formulas mentioned more than 10 times.Baitouweng Decoction(白头翁汤)is the most frequently used formula,for total of 17 times.There are total of 150 herbs involved in the treatment of dysentery,and 6 herbs are used more than 10 times,especially Hangbaishao(Paeoniae Radix Alba)for 21 times.This article points out that the diagnostic and treatment characteristics of dysentery during Minguo period including:sorting out the source and treatment based on type and stage differentiation;inheritance and innovation,combination of traditional Chinese and western medicine;clinical treatment with multi-methods and multi-formulas;differential diagnosis of similar diseases and syndromes such as dysentery with bloody stool and epidemic dysentery;identification of death manifestation,different treatment of children and women;paying attention to details and avoiding improper treatment or delay in treatment;paying attention to medical records and combining narration with discussion in the writing method.