《庄子》寓言“朝三暮四”所寄托“两行”观的意蕴

The Implication of“Two Elements”in Zhuangzi’Fable

文章先探讨《庄子》寓言“朝三暮四”故事的演变情形及其语义的变化与运用,进而透过对庄子所说“和之以是非”“休乎天钧”内容的阐释,分析此寓言所寄托的“两行”观的内涵。掌握庄子站在“道”的立场,认为天下所有的事物并无是非之分、贵贱之别,如能认识此道理,就可以通人我、破死生、泯彼此……而解消一切的分别、对立。最后针对此“两行”观探讨其得失,认为虽有打破执着、避免冲突,培养同理心,增进彼此的良善互动等优点,但也难免会造成是非不分、好坏皆可,而缺乏标准的弊病。理想性虽高,但与现实社会容易造成脱节。因此我们必须知所取舍,以有助于培养宏伟的胸襟,而不致于蹈空务虚。

By discussing the evolution of Zhuangzi'fable"Three in the Morning and Four in the Evening,as well as its semantic change and application,this paper analyzes the connotation of the"two elements"embodied in this fable through the interpretation of the contents of"harmony is the basis of right and wrong"and"respect nature's principle".With the standpoint of"Dao".Zhuangzi thinks that there is no distinction between right and wrong.between noble and humble.If you can understand this truth,you will understand others and forgive others,which will eliminate all the differences and opposites.In the end,the author discusses the advantages and disadvantages of the"two elements"view,and points out that although it has advantages of avoiding stubbornness and conflict.cultivate empathy and enhancing the interaction.it will inevitably lead to the defect of no distinction between right and wrong,good or bad,and lack.of standards.With great idealism,it is prone to disconnecting the real society.Therefore,we must know what to choose,so as to develop a grand mind and not go through emptiness.