柳开的圣人天命观与言道观述论

A Study of Liu Kai’s Idea on Saints and Destiny,and Confucian Orthodoxy

在宋代道统思想史上,柳开是一位颇具地位和影响的道统传承者。柳开一生,以斯文自任,更以斯道自任。他提出人之贤愚是天地造化,但"师可教而能易之";宗尚韩柳,在接续儒家道统、反对释老方面作出重要贡献;推崇文以载道,认为圣者撰文言道与传承发展圣人之道是有关联的,并将经典之作视为用之常法,提出以"有道"为标准判断"圣人""圣人之辞",在肯定历代圣贤的道统传承之功方面具有积极意义。

Liu Kai was a famous and important inheritor of the Confucian orthodoxy in Song Dynasty,and he devoted all of his life to the task of its inheritance. He believed that man is created whether he is wise or not,but man could be taught and changed. He advocated the ideas of Han Yu and Liu Zongyuan,while opposed Buddhism and Taoism,which was very crucial in the spreading of the Confucian orthodoxy. He valued the practice of carrying Confucian morals in writings and affirmed the relationship between the inheritance of Confucian ideas and the writings of scholars. He held the classic works as a common method in learning the knowledge of Confucius,and proposed that morality is the standard to judge a saint and his works,which is significant in securing the positions of various saints before him.