我国中等职业教育评估政策的历史沿革与现实思考

Secondary Vocational Education Evaluation Policy in China: Historical and Practical Reflections

科学有效的评估是我国中等职业教育质量提高的重要保障,而评估政策则是指导评估开展的重要依据。改革开放以来我国中等职业教育评估工作主要经历了评估探索、"合格--选优"评估、示范引领评估和督导性评估四个历史阶段。总结各阶段特征、成效以及不足,结合新时期职业教育形势,未来我国中等职业教育评估政策应引导评估取向促进教育类型观念形成、以"1+X"证书制度调整评估要求、消除功利风气克服"五唯"问题、支持第三方评估和多方评估机制、增强评估系统性和保障机制。

Scientific and effective evaluation is an important guarantee for improving the quality of secondary vocational education in China, and evaluation policy is an important basis for guiding the evaluation. Since the reform and opening up, the evaluation of secondary vocational education in China has gone through four stages: groping stage;"qualified-excellent selection" stage;guiding via demonstration stage;and supervision stage. Considering the characteristics, achievements and shortcomings of each stage, and in light of the vocational education situation in the new era, the future evaluation policy should guide the evaluation orientation to promote the formation of the concept of this education category, adjust the evaluation requirements with the "1+X" certificate system, eliminate the utilitarian atmosphere to overcome the "five only" problems, support the third-party and multi-party evaluation mechanisms, and enhance the evaluation system and guarantee mechanism.