城市空气质量监测网络评估方法

Research on urban ambient air monitoring network assessment guidance

通过研究借鉴多个国家/城市的研究实践,提出了城市空气治理监测网络(UAAMNA)评估管理的方法,包括评估思路与流程,评估关键指标,针对不同污染物的评估方法等.以沈阳市及周边6个城市共46个国控监测站点的监测网络为背景,基于2013~2018年日尺度空气质量数据,考虑监测成本,对沈阳市PM2.5监测网络进行评估,结果表明,沈河区增加1个最高浓度站点,大东区增加1个高人口密度区站点,皇姑区增加1个跨界传输点;在沈阳-铁岭,沈阳-本溪,沈阳-辽阳方向增设跨区域站点.未来建立空气质量监测网络定期评估制度、加强跨区域边界站点布设、实施区分监测点位类型评估、区分污染物类型评估是UAAMN的发展方向.

Aiming at optimizing the Urban Ambient Air Monitoring Network(UAAMN),which borrowed from practices of many countries/cities,the general procedure of assessment management was put forward,the key index matrix of assessment was constructed,and the methodology of air quality monitoring network assessment for distinguishing pollutants was established.Taking 46 stations in Shenyang(including districts and counties)and six surrounding cities as an example,which took cost-benefit into account,this method was used to evaluate the monitoring network of PM2.5.The results showed that this method can be successfully applied to the optimization of UAAMNA,Shenhe District needed to add a maximum concentration station,Dadong District needed to add a high population density station,Huanggu District needed to add a cross border station.In addition,cross-city sites such as Shenyang-Tieling,Shenyang-Benxi and Shenyang-Liaoyang should be set up.In the future,the further research of urban air quality monitoring network assessment was about to establish regular assessment system of air quality monitoring network,implement classification assessment of monitoring stations and distinguish pollutant types.