锌精矿及其冶炼过程中相关固体废物的鉴别

Identification of Zinc Concentrate and Related Solid Waste in the Zinc Smelting Process

为准确鉴别锌精矿及其冶炼过程中产生的相关固体废物酸浸渣和锌铜渣,采用XRF、XRD、IR和PM的联用技术进行鉴别实验。实验结果表明:1)锌精矿主要由闪锌矿和方铅矿两种物相组成,其中零星存在黄铁矿和黄铜矿,偶有黄铁矿与闪锌矿和方铅矿共生的情形,脉石物相主要为石英和蒙脱石;2)酸浸渣主要物相为铁酸锌、铅矾和石英,脉石物相为片沸石;3)锌铜渣主要物相为ZnSO4、Cu2O、石英和Al2O3,还存在少量的方铅矿和单质铜。

In order to identify the zinc concentrate and the related solid waste acid leaching residue and zinc copper slag in the zinc smelting process accurately, the identification experiment was carried out by the combination technology of X-ray fluorescence, X-ray diffraction, infrared radiation and polarizing microscopy. The experimental results had shown that:1)the zinc concentrate was mainly composed of ZnS and PbS, and a spot of FeS2 and CuFeS2, and occasional symbiotic of FeS2 with ZnS and PbS, and the gangue phase was mainly composed of SiO2 and(Al,Mg)2(Si4O10)(OH)2·nH2O;2)the acid leaching residue was mainly composed of ZnFe2O4, PbSO4 and SiO2, and the phase of gangue was(Na,K)Ca4(Al9Si27O72)·24H2O;3)the zinc copper slag was mainly composed of ZnSO4, Cu2O, SiO2 and Al2O3, and a spot of PbS and pure copper.