高中生“阳光长跑”无氧阈心率强度控制干预效果 王

Intervention Effect ofAnoxic Threshold Heart Rate Intensity Control in Senior High School Students’"Sunshine Long Distance Running"

目的通过实验研究建立青少年“阳光长跑”个体适宜强度(无氧阈心率)回归方程,以改变目前全国青少年“阳光长跑”中强度随意的现状。方法以我国X市3所(A、B、C)中学的高中生为样本,按随机抽样原则从中抽取研究对象,分2个阶段进行研究。①从3所中学高中各年级中抽取男、女生共593名,通过实验测试获得基础数据,以文献资料法和专家法筛选出的指标为自变量、无氧阈心率为因变量,建立个体无氧阈心率回归方程。②来自3所中学高二年级的学生(共204名),分别以3种模式[按照无氧阈心率强度(基于所建立的个体无氧阈心率回归方程)监控、不按强度但严格监控、不监控自主式]完成“阳光长跑”,12周后,比较实验前后3所中学高中生最大摄氧量(VO2max)、基础心率指标的变化情况。结果3所中学高中生按不同模式完成长跑后,其基础心率均未出现降低现象(P均大于0.05);A中学男、女生VO2max均出现不同程度增长现象(t=2.804,P<0.01;t=2.831,P<0.01);B中学女生VO2max出现一定程度增长现象(t=2.337,P<0.05),男生则未出现增长现象(t=0.574,P>0.05);C中学男、女生VO2max均未出现增长现象(P均大于0.05)。结论①所建立的高中生个体无氧阈心率回归方程可用于指导该群体在长跑中的适宜强度调节;②通过实证研究提出针对性建议,有助于“阳光长跑”的可持续性开展。

Objective In order to change the present situation of random intensity in long distance running in high school students,the regression equation of individual suitable intensity(individual anoxic threshold heart rate)was established.Methods The regression equation of individual anoxic threshold heart rate was established by taking the indexes selected by literature method and expert method as independent variables and anoxic threshold heart rate as dependent variables.The students in three senior high schools in X city were selected to monitor their heart rate intensity in terms of the 3 modes of the anoxic threshold,non-intensity but strictly,and random non-monitor,respectively,in the"Sunshine Long Distance Running".After 12 weeks,the changes of VO2max and basic heart rate indexes in the students of the three senior high schools before and after the experiment were analyzed.Results There was no decrease in the basic heart rate of the three middle school students(P>0.05).The VO2max of both male and female students in school A increased to varying degrees(t=2.804,P<0.01,t<0.01,t=2.831,P<0.01),while the VO2max of girls in school B increased to a certain extent(t≤2.337,P<0.05),but no increase in male students(t=0.574,P>0.05).There was no increase of VO2max both in male and female students in school C.Conclusions①The regression equation of the rate of anoxic threshold established for high school students can be used to guide the load intensity of long distance running.②The empirical study helps the sustainability of"Sunshine Long Distance Running".