情境·意境·心境:废名小说创作中的“生”“死”观念表达

Three Conceptions for Content,Artistry and Mood:The Concept Expression of “Life” and “Death” in Fei Ming’s Novels

借助王国维"境界"说的三个层面来观察废名小说创作中的"生""死"观念表达,可以呈现出主体(作者)在不同创作阶段的人生态度、创作态度以及艺术观念:以悲悯与同情为底色,通过对死亡书写与人生命运观照,废名在情感层面上完成了"生""死"观念的第一重构建;以意象为承载,废名在审美层面上完成了"生""死"观念的第二重建构;以虚境造心境,"生"与"死"在废名的小说中慢慢切断了与"现实"沟通的桥梁,更深地走进思想的"自我"投射,从而在哲学层面完成了"生""死"观念的建构。

By observing the concept construction of "life" and "death" in Fei Ming’s novels from the three levels of Wang Guowei’s "Realm Theory" ,the life attitude,creation attitude and artistic concept of the subject(the author) can be showed at different stages of creation. Taking compassion and sympathy as the background,Fei Ming completed the first concept construction of "life" and "death" on the emotional level by writing on death and observing the fate of life. Taking imagery as the carrier,Fei Ming completed the second concept construction of "life" and "death" on the aesthetic level. Creating mood via virtuality,the bridge of communication with "reality" is slowly cut off by "life" and "death" in Fei Ming’s novels,as it goes deeper into the "self" reflection of thoughts,and achieve the concept construction of "life" and "death" on the philosophical level.