基于SCP范式的中国饲料加工业产业组织研究

Industrial organization of feed processing industry in China based on SCP paradigm

近年来饲料加工业快速成长,推动了养殖业的发展。但同时存在产能过剩、环境污染、恶性竞争等问题,影响了饲料加工业的可持续发展。因此根据产业组织理论,利用SCP范式对我国饲料加工业的市场结构、市场行为和市场绩效进行定性与定量分析。结果显示:目前我国饲料加工业集中度过低、利润率偏低、产品同质化严重、科技含量不高。饲料加工业进入壁垒较低、退出壁垒较高、产品差异化较小。因此部分企业采取多种价格策略、多渠道广告宣传以及兼并重组等行为来降低企业价格风险、加强产品差别化、提高经营收益。虽然饲料加工业生产效率得到一定增长,但仍存在规模不经济。最后为促进饲料加工业进一步健康稳定发展,提出促进市场整合,提高饲料加工业集中度;制定完善饲料行业法律法规,提高饲料行业进入壁垒;坚持科技创新,推动饲料加工业技术进步等政策建议。

In recent years,the rapid growth of the feed processing industry has promoted the development of animal husbandry.However,some problems such as excess capacity,environmental pollution,vicious competition,have impeded the sustainable development of the feed processing industry.Based on the theory of industrial organization,the SCP paradigm is adopted to quantitively and qualitatively analyze the market structure,market behavior,and market performance of the feed processing industry in China.The results showed that the current situations of the feed processing industry in China are characterized by low concentration,low-profit margin,serious product homogenization,and low technology content,with low entry barriers,high exit barriers,as well as less product differentiation.Thus,some enterprises adopt various strategies,such as the multiple price strategies,multi-channel advertising,as well as mergers and reorganizations,in order to reduce corporate price risks,enhance product differentiation,and increase operating income.Although the production efficiency of the feed processing industry grows modestly,diseconomies of scale still exists.Finally,in order to further promote the healthy and stable development of feed processing industry,some policy suggestions were put forward such as promoting market integration,increasing the concentration of feed processing industry.Moreover,it is equally essential to formulate,improve the laws and regulations of the feed industry,raise the entry barriers of the feed industry,and facilitate the technological innovation,promote the technological progress in the feed processing industry.