行星复合铣削及其刀具研究

Research on Planetary Composite Milling and Cutting Tools

行星复合铣削方法是复合加工方法的一种实现形式,该加工方法所产生的切削力较普通端铣加工的切削力有大幅度的降低,从而能有效地降低切削热、减少工件变形、提高刀具寿命。行星复合铣削方法切削力大幅度地降低的主要原因是该方法的切削轨迹使其能将厚切削层分解为细小的切削层,而该方法中的立铣刀的螺旋角和半径对实际切削力的影响很小。行星复合铣削方法在刀盘低速旋转时就能实现高速切削,有效地避开了高速旋转刀盘的动平衡问题,结合其切削力小的优势,通过增大刀盘直径并增加立铣刀数量来提高加工效率。行星铣刀采用行星轮系结构,能够达到行星复合铣削方法切削轨迹要求,具有扭矩大、运转可靠等优势。

Planetary compound milling method is a kind of realization form of compound machining method.The cutting force of planetary compound milling method is much lower than that of ordinary end milling method,which can effectively reduce cutting heat,reduce workpiece deformation and increase tool life.The main reason why the cutting force of planetary compound milling method is greatly reduced is that the cutting path of this method makes it possible to decompose the thick cutting layer into the fine cutting layer,and the spiral angle of the end milling cutter and the radius of the end milling cutter have little influence on the actual cutting force.High-speed cutting could be achieved by the planetary composite milling method when the cutter head rotated at low speed,effectively avoiding the problem of dynamic balance of high-speed rotating cutter head,combined with its advantages of small cutting force,by increasing the diameter of cutter head and increasing the number of end milling cutters to improve processing efficiency.The planetary milling cutter adopts planetary gear train structure,which can meet the cutting path requirements of planetary compound milling method,and has the advantages of large torque and reliable operation.