铁路轨道除沙车抛沙板参数优化

Parameter optimization of sand throwing plate of railway sand cleaning vehicle

为了研究铁路轨道除沙车抛沙板参数对抛沙高度及抛沙距离的影响,提出一种离散元正交试验方法,用于优化抛沙板参数,以改善抛沙板的抛沙高度和抛沙距离。通过多因素正交试验和基于离散元法的仿真试验,分析抛沙板的转速、弯折角度、弯折位置以及前进速度对抛沙高度及抛沙距离的影响;通过灰度分析法与极差分析法对试验结果进行分析,得出最佳参数组合,并在试验平台进行试验验证。仿真结果表明,转速对抛沙高度及抛沙距离的影响最大;在抛沙板半径不变的情况下,最佳参数组合:转速为2 r/s,弯折角度为170°,弯折位置为5/6,前进速度为1 km/h。试验结果表明抛沙板参数优化后,除沙车的抛沙高度降低了8.64%,抛沙距离减小了32.3%,这说明优化后的除沙车在满足设计需求的同时既降低了能耗又减少了沙粒对挡沙板的冲击。研究结果可为轨道除沙车的研制提供理论依据。

In order to study the influence of parameters of sand-throwing plate of railway sand cleaning vehicle on the sand-throwing height and distance, a discrete element orthogonal test method was proposed to optimize the parameters of sand throwing plate and improve the sand-throwing height and distance. By means of orthogonal experiments and discrete element method(DEM), the effects of rotational speed, bending angle, bending position and forward speed of sand throwing plate on the sandthrowing height and distance were analyzed.The gray analysis and range analysis were used to analyze the experiment results to obtain the best parameter combination and it was verified on the test platform.The simulation results showed that the rotational speed was the most important factor affecting the sand-throwing height and distance. Under the condition that the radius of the sand throwing plate remained unchanged, the best parameters were rotation speed of 2 r/s, bending angle of 170°, bending position of 5/6 and forward speed of 1 km/h. The test results showed that after parameter optimation,the sand-throwing height and distance were reduced by 8.64% and 32.3%,respectively. This shows that the optimized send cleaning vehicle not only meets the design requirements, but also reduces the energy consumption and the impact of sand particles on the sand throwing plate. The research results provide a theoretical basis for the development of sand cleaning vehicle.