电化学能源转化膜与膜过程研究进展

A review on membranes and membrane processes for electrochemical energy conversion applications

由于可再生清洁能源发展和交通运输电动化,迫切需要大规模电化学能源转化与储存装置.电化学体系包含氧化/还原两个部分,需要用膜将氧化剂和还原剂隔开,同时还需要通过离子传导膜连通内电路,实现连续的电化学反应.本文针对能源转化与储能技术需求,阐述近年来发展的高稳定性离子传导膜制备方法,以燃料电池、液流电池、电解水制氢过程为对象,分析电化学能源转化过程对离子膜的性能要求.在归纳能源转化膜过程、共同科学原理和技术特征基础上,讨论膜电化学反应器的基本内涵;阐明膜电极能够将“膜分离”与“膜催化反应”集成于一体,强调膜电极对电化学能源转化过程的重要性,展望高性能膜电极的发展途径.

Due to the development of renewable clean energy and the electrical vehicles,massive electrochemical energy conversion and storage devices are urgently needed.The electrochemical system is usually composed of two parts:oxidation/reduction.The oxidant and reductant need to be separated by a membrane separator,moreover,the internal circuit needs to be connected by ion permeation through the membrane to realize continuous electrochemical reaction.Aiming at the demand from electricity energy conversion and storage technologies,this paper describes the methods for preparing high stability ion conduction membranes recent years,and analyzes the requirements for ionic membranes in electrochemical system,such as PEM fuel cells,redox flow batteries and water electrolysis to produce hydrogen.Based on the common scientific principles and technical characteristics for energy conversion with membrane processes,this paper clarifies the concept framework of membrane electrochemical reactor,emphasizes the importance of MEA(membrane electrode assembly)which combines the“membrane separation”with“membrane catalyzed reaction”in electrochemical energy conversion processes,and shows possible approach to develop high-performance MEA.