高大空间展览温室自然通风数值模拟与开窗优化

Numerical Simulation and Optimization of Vent Configuration for Natural Ventilation of The Large Space Exhibition Greenhouse

为研究自然通风对高大空间展览温室微气候的影响,以华东地区某高大空间展览温室为例,结合植物多孔介质模型,建立了展览温室的全尺度三维自然通风CFD模型,将该模型的温湿度模拟值与实测值进行对比,平均温度的模拟值与实测值误差在11.17%以内,平均相对湿度的模拟值与实测值误差在14.29%以内。随后,利用该模型进行了不同开窗面积对夏季自然通风通风量影响的分析以及夏季设计工况下温室自然通风微气候预测。结果表明:底部开窗面积越大,增加同样的天窗面积增加的通风量越多,底部开窗占地面面积百分比为6%时,增加同样的天窗面积增加的通风量最多;天窗面积对通风量的影响比底部开窗面积对通风量的影响更为显著,增加天窗面积对热压通风更为有利;底部开窗占地面面积比和天窗占地面面积比均应大于3%;夏季设计工况下温度约为29.5℃-31℃,满足热带植物生长环境温度不大于35℃的要求。

In order to understand the climatic characteristics under natural ventilation in a large space exhibition greenhouse,a three-dimensional natural ventilation CFD model was established for a large space exhibition greenhouse in East China,the numerical simulation of temperature and humidity field is basically in agreement with the measured value.The error between simulated and measured values of average temperature is less than 11.17%,and the error between simulated and measured values of average relative humidity is less than 14.29%.The CFD model of large space exhibition greenhouse established in this paper is feasible.It was then employed to:investigate the influence of different window area on natural ventilation under the design condition in summer;evaluate greenhouse microclimate with natural ventilation in summer.The results show that the larger the area of the bottom opening window is,the more ventilation the same area of the skylight increases.When the proportion of the bottom opening window to the ground area is 6%,the more ventilation the same area of the skylight increases.The influence of the skylight area on the ventilation is more significant than that of the bottom opening window area,and the increase of the skylight area is more beneficial to the thermal pressure ventilation.The bottom opening window The ratio of the floor area to the ground area and the ratio of the skylight to the ground area shall be greater than 3%;the temperature under the design condition in summer shall be about 29.5℃-31℃,meeting the requirement that the temperature of the tropical plant growth environment shall not be greater than 35℃.