我国自贸试验区发展态势、制约因素与未来展望

The Development Trend, Restriction Factors and Future Prospects of China’s Pilot Free Trade Zones

面对世界经贸关系的变化和全球治理秩序的重构,以及国内经济形势对改革开放的新要求,我国自2013年以来已经设立18个自贸试验区。作为改革开放的"制度试验田",自贸试验区在制度创新和试点经验的推广方面取得了良好效果,各项经济指标表现优异,但也存在发展引领效果不明显、服务业对外开放程度不高、自主改革创新权限不够高等问题。推动自贸试验区发展,应着力提高自贸试验区改革创新的自主权限,加快服务业对外开放,协同推进汇率、利率市场化改革与资本账户开放,构建全面有效的风险管理体系,发挥平台支撑和关键节点作用,将自贸试验区战略与国家区域战略和"一带一路"倡议相结合。

Facing the changes of world economic and trade relations, the reconstruction of global governance order, and the new requirements of domestic economic situation for reform and opening-up, China has established 18 pilot Free Trade Zones since 2013. As a "system experimental field" of reform and opening-up, the pilot Free Trade Zones have achieved good results in system innovation and the promotion of pilot experience, with excellent performance in various economic indicators, but there are also problems such as the effect of development leading is not obvious, the degree of service industry opening to the outside world is not high, and the authority of independent reform and innovation is not enough. To promote the development of the Pilot Free Trade Zones, efforts should be made to improve the autonomous jurisdiction of reform and innovation, speed up the opening-up of the service industry, promote the exchange rate, interest rate liberalization and capital account liberalization, build a comprehensive and effective risk management system, give full play to the role of platform support and key nodes, and integrate the strategy of Pilot Free Trade Zones with the national regional strategy and the Belt and Road Initiative.