污水处理的碳排放空间差异及影响因素分析

Spatial Differences and Influencing Factors of Carbon Emissions from Urban Wastewater Treatment in China

碳排放是评价温室气体排放的重要指标,如何应对全球变暖、促进节能减排越来越受到国际社会的重视,但污水处理过程中的碳排放问题往往被人忽视。文章基于全国污水处理厂污水处理数据对污水处理过程中的碳排放进行测算、空间差异比较和影响因素分析。研究结果表明:(1)污水处理厂污水处理碳排放结构具有较大差异,直接碳排放与间接碳排放、直接碳排放内部结构均存在一定差异,污水处理厂污水处理碳排放主要来源于间接碳排放,CH 4与N 2O碳排放量相当;(2)污水处理厂污水处理碳排放空间分布差异明显。碳排放主要来源于经济发展较好、工业产业较为发达的省份。从空间分布来看,我国由西向东污水处理碳排放逐渐加重。(3)污水处理厂污水处理碳排放的影响因素包括内部因素和外部因素两个方面,内部因素中污水处理厂规模、运营年限以及处理工艺和外部因素中经济发展水平、人口密度对碳排放具有显著影响。

Tackling global warming has become the consensus of the international community,and carbon emission is an important index to evaluate greenhouse gas emissions.Sewage treatment facilities also produce carbon emissions while addressing pollution.Based on the data of national sewage treatment facilities,the paper calculates the carbon emission of urban sewage treatment facilities in China,compares the spatial differences and analyzes the influencing factors.The results show that:(1)that carbon emission structure of sewage treatment facility has a great difference.Carbon emissions mainly come from direct carbon emissions from sewage treatment facilities.Direct carbon emissions account for 88.68% of total carbon emissions,and indirect emissions are only 11.32%.(2)the spatial distribution of carbon emission in sewage treatment facilities is obviously different.The carbon emission mainly comes from the provinces with good economic development and more developed industries.From the point of spatial distribution,sewage treatment carbon emissions increase gradually from west to east in China,the carbon of Hebei emissions is highest,accounts for 14.49%,the lowest in Xinjiang,accounts for only 0.361%.(3)internal factors of the design capacity,sewage treatment method and the external factors of the added value of the second and the third industry,the household register population has a significant influence on carbon emissions in the influence factors of carbon emissions of sewage treatment facilities,the influence factors of carbon emissions.Based on analysis of factors affecting the results from the sewage treatment facilities and external macroeconomic environment to provide certain reference path.