声学实验下的湖北襄阳樊城区方言单字调浅探

Tone Characteristics of Dialects in Fancheng District(Xiangyang,Hubei Province)Based on Acoustic Experiment

前人对襄阳话的声调研究较少,而且普遍基于传统的“听音笔录”法,缺乏一定的严谨性。采取实验语音学的方法,运用Praat语音分析软件对襄阳方言樊城区单字音的音高、调长等进行声学实验研究,客观描写该方言声调的实际情况,得出结论:襄阳话的老派发音人的声调和新派发音人的声调有一定差别。新派发音人的声调调值为:阴平212,阳平43,上声23,去声51,而老派发音人的调值为阴平13,阳平43,上声44,去声313。新襄阳话上声变体的因素主要提现为年龄和长期所处的语言环境,尤其去声反映最突出。

The predecessors’research on the tone of Fancheng dialect is less,and it is generally based on the traditional“listening phonograph”method,which lacks certain rigor.In this paper,experimental phonetics is adopted,and the Praat speech analysis software is used to conduct acoustic experiments on the pitch and length adjustment of the single-character sounds in Fancheng dialect of Xiangyang to objectively describe the actual situation of the dialect tone.It comes to conclusions that:there is tone difference between the old-school pronunciation and the new.The tone pitch of the new is:yinping 212,yangping 43,shangsheng 23,qusheng 51,while the old is yinping 13,yangping 43,shangsheng 44,qusheng313.The reasons lie in the age and the language environment,which affect qusheng most.