改革开放后我国老年体育政策的特征、问题及优化策略

The Characteristics,Problems And Optimization Strategies of Chinese Elderly Sports Policy After the Reform And Opening

老年体育作为健康老龄化的重要组成部分,如何应对关系着老年人的幸福生活和国家的长治久安。采用文献资料、逻辑分析等方法,对改革开放后我国老年体育政策的发展历程进行梳理,发现其主要特征表现在制定主体范围不断扩大、内容更加具体、向体医融合方向不断推进三个方面,同时存在着政策体系不健全、政策操作性不强、政策执行社会参与不足、政策制定主体的联动性不够、政策目标群体组织化程度低等问题。研究提出了优化我国老年体育政策的建议:兼顾老年人异质性,提升老年体育政策的科学性和可操作性;转变政府职能,扩大老年体育政策执行主体;建立多元协商和分工合作机制,实现跨部门多领域协同;创新政策激励机制,强化老年体育政策目标群体组织化建设;优化政策执行环境,完善老年体育政策执行的监督评估机制。

As an important part of healthy aging,how to deal with it is related to the happy life of the elderly and the long-term stability of the country.After sorting out the development process of Chinese elderly sports policy after the reform and opening,it is found that its main characteristics are shown in the following three aspects:the scope of the formulation subject is expanding,the content is more specific,and the integration of sport andmedicine is continuously promoted.At the same time,there are problems such as imperfect policy system,weak policy operation,insufficient social participation in policy implementation,insufficient linkage of policy formulation subjects,and low degree of organization of policy target groups.The paper puts forward some suggestions for optimizing the elderly sports policy:improving the scientific and operability of policies;expanding the main body of policy implementation;achieving cross-departmental and multi-domain collaboration;Strengthening the organizational construction of policy target groups;improving the supervision and evaluation mechanism for policy implementation.