朱丹溪妇科临证探析

Analysis of ZHU Dan-xi's gynecological clinical syndrome

朱丹溪作为“滋阴派”创始人,其妇科临证时以“气、血、痰、郁”为纲,主张从气血论治月经后期、闭经、痛经、崩漏,从痰论治带下、月经不调、不孕、恶阻、子肿,从郁论治闭经、痛经、恶阻,从相火论治滑胎、崩漏。首创“清热养血安胎法”,倡用白术、黄芩清热养血、固孕安胎;首创“提壶揭盖法”用以治疗孕妇小便不通,主张边服补气血之药,边引吐以升其气机而水自降下,“从痰论治”“从郁论治”“从相火论治”等独特诊疗理论对妇科临证具有重要的指导价值。

ZHU Dan-xi is the founder of "the school for nourishing Yin",who took the " Qi,blood,phlegm and stagnation" as the guiding principle when treating gynecological diseases. He advocated the treatments of late menstruation,amenorrhea,dysmenorrhea,metrorrhagia and metrostaxis from Qi and blood,the treatments of morbid leucorrhoea,irregular menstruation,infertility,vomiting during pregnancy,edema of pregnancy from the phlegm,the treatments of amenorrhea,dysmenorrhea,vomiting during pregnancy from the stagnation,and the treatments of habitual abortion,metrorrhagia and metrostaxis from the ministerial fire. He pioneered the method of"clearing away heat and nourishing blood to keep the fetus safe",using atractylodes macrocephala and scutellaria baicalensis to clear away heat and nourish blood to consolidate pregnancy. He first put forward the method of "lifting the kettle and uncovering its lid"to treat a pregnant woman with a lack of urine,taking the medicine of replenishing Qi and blood,while inducing to vomit so as to raise its Qi movement and water downward. The unique diagnosis and treatment theories have important guiding values for the gynecological syndrome,such as "treatment from the phlegm" "treatment from the stagnation""treatment from the ministerial fire",and etc.