虚无与无所谓——笛卡儿自由意志理论探析

Nothingness and Indifference——An Analysis of Cartesian Theory of Free Will

文章从笛卡儿的虚无概念入手来探讨他的自由意志理论。通过澄清笛卡儿自由意志概念的三种不同内涵--最低程度的无所谓的自由、完全的自由和积极的无所谓的自由,从而一方面试图勾勒笛卡儿自由意志理论的发展脉络,展现他在《第一哲学沉思集》和《论灵魂的激情》中的两种不同的自由意志理论,另一方面则试图重构笛卡儿为我们隐约呈现的可能的形而上学图景。

Starting with Cartesian concept of nothingness,this article explores his theory of free will.By clarifying three different connotations of the concept of free will,namely the lowest degree of indifferent freedom,the complete freedom and the positive indifferent freedom,it tries to draw the developmental outlines of Descartes’theory of free will,and presents the two different theories of free will in"The First Philosophical Meditation"and"The Passions of Soul".On the other hand,it attempts to reconstruct the possible metaphysical picture that Descartes implicitly presented to us.