起重机起升机构永磁涡流防坠落装置研究

Research on Permanent Magnet Eddy Current Anti-Fall Device for Crane Hoist Mechanism

基于电磁学理论分析了永磁涡流制动的基本原理,推导了感应盘在扇环形磁铁组中旋转产生的涡流制动力矩计算公式,并与起重机起升机构的结构特点相结合提出一种新型永磁涡流防坠落装置。结合某20UMQ门式起重机,建立了负载坠落永磁涡流制动的动力学模型。利用Ansoft Maxwell进行有限元仿真分析,探究了磁铁组与感应盘之间的空气间隙大小对制动效果的影响。仿真结果显示磁铁组能在负载无初速坠落和以额定速度超载坠落时达到制动效果,为起重机起升机构永磁涡流防坠落装置的设计提供依据。

Based on electromagnetic theory,the basic principle of permanent magnet eddy current brake is analyzed,and the calculation formula of the eddy current braking torque induced by the rotation of the induction disk in the sector ring magnet group is deduced. Combined with the structural characteristics of crane hoisting mechanism,a new type of permanent magnet eddy current Anti-Fall device is put forward. it combines a 20 UMQ gantry crane to the dynamic model of permanent magnet eddy current braking with load drop. The finite element simulation analysis of Ansoft Maxwell software is carried out to investigate the influence of the effect of the air gap between the magnet set and the induction disk on the braking effect.The simulation results show that the magnet group can achieve the braking effect when the load is falling at a speed of zero for the initial speed and the magnet group can also achieve the braking effect when the load is falling at the rated speed for the initial speed,which provides the basis for the design of the permanent magnet eddy current Anti-Fall device for crane hoist mechanism.