基于RecurDyn和ANSYS的电动农用车悬挂机构优化设计

Optimum design of suspension mechanism of electric agricultural vehicle based on Recur Dyn and ANSYS

电动农用车悬挂机构存在设计冗余的问题,为了对悬挂的上臂机构进行优化,建立了悬挂机构刚柔耦合模型,通过多体动力学仿真,确定了上臂机构各个铰点在坐标轴方向上的最大受力。通过单变量静力学仿真试验,建立了上臂机构最大等效应力与四个结构参数之间的单变量数值拟合模型,通过正交仿真试验,建立了最大等效应力与四个结构参数之间的多变量数值拟合模型,并将仿真值和数值模型计算值进行了比较,验证了模型的可靠性,同时,利用同种方法建立了悬挂上臂质量与四个结构参数之间的多变量数值拟合模型。最后,以最大等效应力最小值和质量最小值为优化目标,利用遗传算法进行优化,获得了最优设计参数。优化结果表明:优化后的上臂机构具有相对更小的质量和更大的强度,结构更加合理,该方法可为其他设计提供参考。

There is redundancy in the design of suspension mechanism of electric farm vehicle.In order to optimize the suspension arm mechanism,a rigid-flexible coupling model of suspension mechanism is established.Through multi-body dynamics simulation,the maximum force of each hinge point of the suspension arm mechanism in the coordinate axis direction is determined.Through the single variable static simulation test,the single variable numerical fitting model between the maximum equivalent stress and the four structural parameters of the upper arm mechanism has been established.Through the orthogonal simulation test,the multivariable numerical fitting model between the maximum equivalent stress and the four structural parameters is established,and the simulation value and the calculated value of the numerical model are compared to verify the reliability of the model.Using the same method,a multi-variable numerical fitting model between the mass of the suspension arm and the four structural parameters is conducted.Finally,the optimal design parameters are obtained by genetic algorithm with the objective of minimizing the maximum equivalent stress and mass.The optimization results show that the optimized upper arm mechanism has relatively lower mass and greater strength,and its structure is more reasonable.This method could provide reference for other design.