RTA调控KSHV复制与免疫逃逸机制的研究进展

Research Advances in How RTA Regulates KSHV Replication and Immune Evasion

卡波西氏肉瘤相关疱疹病毒(Kaposi’s sarcoma-associated herpesvirus,KSHV)属于γ疱疹病毒亚科,与多种人类恶性肿瘤等疾病密切相关。KSHV存在潜伏和裂解两种复制周期,并能够编码在γ疱疹病毒中保守的复制转录激活因子(Replication and transcription activator,RTA)来控制自身的激活。但是,RTA发挥功能的机制尚不完全明确。近年来,人们发现KSHV的RTA具有泛素连接酶的活性,能够利用人体细胞内的泛素-蛋白酶体系统(Ubiquitin-proteasome system,UPS)降解多种细胞蛋白和病毒蛋白。本文对RTA操纵宿主细胞UPS调控KSHV复制与免疫逃逸机制的最新研究进展进行了综述。

Kaposi’s sarcoma-associated herpesvirus(KSHV) is a gamma-herpesvirus. It is an important pathogen in humans,causing various types of malignant tumor. KSHV undergoes two distinct life cycles:latent replication and lytic replication. Replication and transcription activator(RTA) has been identified as a"molecular switch"that controls the activation of lifecycles,which is conserved in all gamma-herpesviruses.However,the functional mechanism of RTA is incompletely understood. Recent studies have shown that KSHV RTA can function as a ubiquitin ligase that can eliminate unwanted proteins using the ubiquitin-proteasome system(UPS). Here, we summarize the research progress on how RTA regulates KSHV replication and evasion of the immune system using the UPS.