中国体育强省建设的空间格局及动力机制

The Spatial Patterns of the Construction of China’s Strong Sports Province and Its Dynamic Mechanisms

体育强省作为体育强国的重要组成部分,是实现体育强国的基础。本研究基于全国各省(市、区的经济社会统计数据、地理空间数据、生态环境数据、空气质量数据、网络平台大数据等多源数据,综合运用熵权法、GIS空间分析、层次聚类分析、地理加权回归等技术和模型,从群众体育、竞技体育、体育产业、体育文化与交流、体育保障5个层面构建了包涵31个二级指标的体育强省评价指标体系,并对全国体育强省建设水平进行系统评价。研究结果表明:我国体育强省建设的各要素存在较大差异,不仅体现在不同省份的同一要素之间,也体现在同一省份不同要素之间;体育强省建设的综合水平由东部沿海向中西部地区递减,高水平省市在长江三角洲地区集聚,依据综合得分的空间相关性和要素的协调性,将全国31个省(市、区)划分为准强型区域、较强型区域、次强型区域和弱强型区域等4种地域类型,空间上呈现出"多核心,一横两纵"的发展格局;投入资金充足性、设施可获取性、生态环境适宜性是影响新时代体育强省建设的关键动力因素。

The construction of strong sports provinces in the new era is an inevitable need to achieve the strategic goal of being a sports power,which has important practical significance.Based on the economic and social statistics,geospatial data,ecological environment data,air quality data,network platform big data and other multi-source data of all provinces(cities,districts)in China,this research used entropy weight method,GIS spatial analysis,hierarchical clustering analysis,geographical weighted regression and other technologies and models to build a new era strong sports province evaluation index system,including 31 secondary indexes of five aspects:mass sports,competitive sports,sports industry,sports culture and exchange,as well as sports guarantee,and systematically evaluated the construction level of national strong sports provinces by this system.The results show that there are great differences in the elements of building strong sports provinces in China,which is not only reflected in the same elements in different provinces,but also among the different elements in the same province;The comprehensive level of the construction of strong sports provinces decreases from the east coast to the central and western regions,and high-level provinces and cities all gather in the Yangtze River Delta. According to the spatial correlation of comprehensive scores and the coordination of elements,31 provinces(cities and districts)in China are divided into four regional types:quasi strong development region,relatively strong development region,sub strong development region and slight strong development region. The development has the characteristics of"multi-core,one horizontal and two vertical distribution"in space;the adequacy of investment,availability of facilities and suitability of ecological environment are the key driving factors influencing the construction of strong sports provinces in the new era.