“十四五”时期中国工业发展战略研究

Research on China’s Industry Development Strategy during the Period Covered by the 14th Five-Year Plan

改革开放以来,中国工业的发展壮大与竞争优势演进提升有着密切联系。改革开放前三十年,中国工业基本上实现了由价格优势向规模优势的转变,当前正处于由规模优势向创新优势转变的过程中。中国工业竞争优势的第二次转变面临着“逆全球化”的冲击与“双端挤压”挑战,也面临国内需求升级、发展中国家市场扩大、新工业革命兴起等机遇,支撑中国工业培育壮大竞争新优势的条件也已初步成熟。2020年是中国“十三五”时期的最后一年,将要完成基本实现工业化、全面建成小康社会的战略目标。“十四五”时期是全面开启社会主义现代化强国建设新征程的重要机遇期、“两个一百年”奋斗目标的历史交汇期,中国工业发展将进入一个关键发展阶段。在新形势下,“十四五”时期中国工业发展战略的核心是找准新定位、培育新优势、采取新举措,从而加快推进工业的现代化进程。本文提出“十四五”时期中国工业发展的五个战略定位、六项战略任务、五个重点领域与七大战略举措。

Since the reform and opening up,China’s industry has gained remarkable achievement due to the evolution and promotion of its competitive advantage.In the first three decades following the reform and opening up,China’s industry had basically realized the transformation from price advantage to scale advantage,and is now undergoing the transformation from scale advantage to innovation advantage.During the second transformation,China’s industry is not only facing the impact of anti-globalization and extrusion from both the low-end and high-end of the global value chain from the catching-up developing countries and the leading developed countries respectively,but also embracing new opportunities to cultivate its innovation advantage,such as domestic demand upgrading,market expansion of developing countries,and the booming of new industrial revolution.The year 2020 is the last year of China’s 13th Five-Year Plan,when China will achieve the strategic goals of basically realizing industrialization and building a moderately prosperous society in all respects.The period covered by the 14th Five-Year Plan is the key start-up period for achieving socialist modernization in China,the historical intersection period of the two centenary goals,China’s industry will enter a critical development stage.Under the new situation,the core of China’s industrial development strategy during the period covered by the 14th Five-Year Plan is to find new positionings,cultivate new advantage,and take new measures,thereby to accelerate the process of industrial modernization.This paper puts forward five strategic positionings,six strategic tasks,five key areas and seven strategic measures for China’s industrial development during the period covered by the 14th Five-Year Plan.