深圳地区出租车司机非酒精性脂肪性肝病患病现状分析

Prevalence of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease in taxi drivers in Shenzhen,China

目的了解深圳地区出租车司机非酒精性脂肪性肝病(NAFLD)的患病现状及其相关指标异常情况,为科学防治NAFLD提供依据。方法选取2018年5月-2019年6月来深圳市龙华区人民医院体检的出租车司机1752例,分别检测BMI、血压、空腹血糖(FPG)、总胆固醇(TC)、甘油三酯(TG)、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL)、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL)、ALT、AST及尿酸(UA)等指标,并行肝脏B超检查,分析NAFLD患病率与各项生化指标的关系。计量资料2组间比较采用t检验,计数资料2组间比较采用χ2检验。结果出租车司机NAFLD患病率为51.66%(905/1752),其中男性为57.94%(770/1329),高于女性的31.91%(135/423),差异有统计学意义(χ2=9.209,P=0.027)。NAFLD出租司机的BMI、血脂、血压、FPG及UA异常率均高于非NAFLD出租车司机,差异均有统计学意义(χ2值分别为5.894、7.126、8.045、8.909、10.373;P值分别为0.047、0.035、0.030、0.028、0.018)。BMI≥28 kg/m 2的司机其NAFLD患病率高于BMI 24.0~27.9 kg/m 2和BMI<24.0 kg/m 2的司机,差异均有统计学意义(男:χ2值分别为7.904、18.624,P值分别为0.035、0.008;女:χ2值分别为8.613、31.635,P值分别为0.029、0.006)。从事出租车行业时间>15年的司机与11~15年、5~10年及<5年组比较NAFLD患病率显著升高(男:χ2值分别为9.781、13.546、18.052,P值分别为0.024、0.012、0.008;女:χ2值分别为7.052、9.847、12.157,P值分别为0.036、0.023、0.016)。结论深圳地区出租车司机NAFLD患病率较高,男性患病率高于女性,且与高血脂、肥胖、高血糖及高尿酸异常率及从事出租行业时间有关。

Objective To investigate the prevalence of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD)and related abnormal indicators among taxi drivers in Shenzhen,China,and to provide a basis for scientific prevention and treatment of fatty liver disease.Methods A total of 1752 taxi drivers who underwent physical examination in Shenzhen Longhua District People’s Hospital from May 2018 to June 2019 were selected,and related indicators were measured,including body mass index(BMI),blood pressure,fasting plasma glucose(FPG),total cholesterol(TC),triglyceride(TG),high-density lipoprotein(HDL),low-density lipoprotein(LDL),alanine aminotransferase(ALT),aspartate aminotransferase(AST),and uric acid(UA).Liver ultrasound examination was also performed.The association between the prevalence rate of NAFLD and various biochemical parameters was analyzed.The t-test was used for comparison of continuous data between two groups,and the chi-square test was used for comparison of categorical data between two groups.Results The prevalence rate of NAFLD among the taxi drivers was 51.66%(905/1752),and male drivers had a significantly higher prevalence rate than female drivers[57.94%(770/1329)vs 31.91%(135/423),χ2=9.209,P=0.027].The taxi drivers with NAFLD had significantly higher abnormal rates of BMI,blood lipids,blood pressure,FPG,and UA than those without NAFLD(χ2=5.894,7.126,8.045,8.909,and 10.373,P=0.047,0.035,0.030,0.028,and 0.018).The taxi drivers with a BMI of≥28 kg/m 2 had a significantly higher prevalence rate of NAFLD than those with a BMI of 24.0-27.9 kg/m 2 or a BMI of<24 kg/m 2(male:χ2=7.904 and 18.624,P=0.035 and 0.008;female:χ2=8.613 and 31.635,P=0.029 and 0.006).The taxi drivers with working years of>15 years had a significantly higher prevalence rate of NAFLD than those with working years of 11-15 years,5-10 years,and<5 years(male:χ2=9.781,13.546,and 18.052,P=0.024,0.012,and 0.008;female:χ2=7.052,9.847,and 12.157,P=0.036,0.023,and 0.016).Conclusion There is a high prevalence rate of NAFLD among taxi drivers in Shenzhen,and male drivers have a higher prevalence rate than female drivers.The prevalence rate of NAFLD is associated with the abnormal rates of hyperlipidemia,obesity,hyperglycemia,and hyperuricemia and the working years in driving.