肠道菌群在门静脉高压发病机制中的作用

The role of gut microbiota in the pathogenesis of portal hypertension

肠道微生物是人体中最大的共生微生物集合,而肝脏由于其解剖位置及独特的血管系统易暴露于肠道的微生物之中并受其代谢产物的影响。正常状态下由于肠上皮屏障功能和肝脏的清洁解毒功能,可防止微生物或微生物产物转移到肝脏和体循环中。然而,当肠屏障功能被破坏时,大量细菌产物可进入肝脏和全身循环,并刺激机体的免疫防御及炎症反应,而这些扰动在肝硬化中尤为突出,增加了临床上显著门静脉高压的发展。整合并总结了肠道菌群在门静脉高压发病机制中的作用,从而为临床治疗提供新的策略。

Gut microbiota is the largest collection of commensal micro-organisms in the human body.Since the liver has unique anatomical location and vascular system,it is easily exposed to gut microbiota and their metabolites.Under normal conditions,the barrier function of the intestinal epithelium and the cleaning and detoxification function of the liver can prevent microorganisms or their products from entering the liver and systemic circulation.However,when the intestinal barrier function is damaged,a large number of bacterial products may enter the liver and systemic circulation and stimulate the body’s immune and inflammatory responses,and such perturbations become prominent in liver cirrhosis and may increase the risk of clinically significant portal hypertension.This article summarizes the role of gut microbiota in the pathogenesis of portal hypertension and provides ideas for clinical treatment.