潮间带和潮下带养殖的福建牡蛎生长、营养及呈味成分的差异分析

Difference analyses of growth,nutrition and taste components of Crassostrea angulata cultured in intertidal zone and subtidal zone

作为一种重要的经济贝类,福建牡蛎(Crassostrea angulata)的养殖模式已从早期的单一潮间带养殖发展到如今的潮间带与潮下带养殖并举.通过测定潮间带与潮下带不同养殖模式下福建牡蛎的生长指标及其一般营养成分、矿物元素、游离氨基酸与呈味核苷酸的含量,比较分析两种养殖模式对牡蛎生长、营养与呈味成分的影响.结果显示:相同养殖周期中,潮下带牡蛎的软体湿质量比潮间带牡蛎的高26.44%,且糖原含量(3.77%)也显著高于潮间带牡蛎(3.15%);所测的10种矿物元素在潮间带牡蛎中的含量均高于潮下带牡蛎,其中Ca、Fe、Mn、Pb含量差异显著;潮间带牡蛎鲜样的味精当量比潮下带牡蛎的高1.49%.综上可见,潮下带养殖模式较利于牡蛎生长和累积糖原,而潮间带养殖模式下牡蛎的矿物元素更丰富且鲜味更佳.

Fujian oyster(Crassostrea angulata)is an important economic shellfish.Recently,the aquaculture area of Fujian oysters includes not only the intertidal zone,but also the subtidal zone.In this study,the growth indices and contents of basic nutritional components,mineral elements,free amino acids and flavor nucleotides of Fujian oysters in different aquaculture environments were determined,to analyze different effects of aquaculture modes between the intertidal zone and the subtidal zone on growth,nutrition and taste components of oysters.The results showed that,during the same culture period,the soft part wet mass of the subtidal oyster,was 26.44%higher than that of the intertidal oysters.Meanwhile,the content of glycogen in the subtidal oysters(3.77%)was significantly higher than that of the intertidal oyster(3.15%).The contents of 10 metal elements measured in the intertidal oyster were higher than those of the subtidal oysters,of which the contents of Ca,Fe,Mn and Pb were significantly different.The equivalent umami concentration value of the raw intertidal oysters was 1.49%higher than that of the raw subtidal oysters.The above results show that the subtidal zone culture mode is better for oysters to grow faster and accumulate more glycogen,and the oysters cultured in the intertidal zone are richer in mineral elements and have better taste.