国外学者对中国不同时期社会主义本质的解读

Foreign Scholars’ Interpretations of the Nature of Socialism of China in Different Periods

对于中国不同时期的社会主义本质的认识,国外学者得出的结论前提必须是承认中国是社会主义国家;其研究视角不仅是从中国特色社会主义与资本主义的不同处考察社会主义本质,更应该站在客观的立场上结合科学社会主义理论从中国特色社会主义社会本身所产生的历史和现实依据上去解读具有动态性的社会主义本质。国外学者对新中国成立后不同时期的社会主义本质认知主要有两个领域的争论:一是手段与目标的关系是否反映着社会主义本质的内涵,二是生产力与生产关系在社会主义本质谁是核心地位。这两方面的争论都不够全面和具有说服力,可以探索如何在社会主义初级阶段实现社会主义本质,结合中国改革开放40年所取得的成就和在世界社会主义的影响中所形成的创新理论突破以往时代的社会主义本质论。

Understanding of the nature of socialist China in different peoples must be based on the recognition that China is a socialist country;foreign scholars should not only examine the nature of socialism from the difference between Chinese characteristic socialism and capitalism, but interpret more the dynamic nature of socialism in terms of the historical and realistic basis of the socialism with Chinese characteristics. Foreign scholars are debating mainly on two cognitive areas of the nature of socialist China in different periods: first, whether the relationship between means and objectives reflects the innate nature of socialism;second, which of the productivity and the production relations factors is the core determining the nature of socialism. Since neither argument is comprehensive and persuasive, we propose they can surpass the past theories of the nature of socialism by exploring the ways to realize the essence of socialism in primary stages of socialism, by drawing upon the achievements of China’s 40 years of reform and opening up and upon the innovative theories developed in the course of its influence on world socialism.