不同类型痴呆患者精神行为症状的特点和处理

Characteristics and management of behavioral and psychological symptoms in patients with different types of dementia

精神行为症状是痴呆患者非认知损害的一种临床表现,可发生于疾病的各个阶段,严重影响患者的生活质量,加重照料者负担。不同病因所致的痴呆精神行为症状相似,但又有各自的特点。目前针对痴呆精神行为症状的治疗手段包括非药物治疗和药物治疗。本文就常见类型痴呆的精神行为症状的特点进行简要概述,同时对目前常用的治疗方法进行总结,以期对临床应用有所帮助。

Behavioral and psychological symptoms are clinical features of non-cognitive impairments in dementia patients,which can happen at all stages of the disease and seriously impact on the patient′s quality of life and increase caregivertive impairments.Different dementias may show similar symptoms,but they have their own characteristics.Therapies for behavioral and psychological symptoms of dementia include non-pharmacological interventions and pharmacological interventions.In order to provide help for clinical application,we review the typical symptoms of familiar dementias and summarize the treatments for behavioral and psychological symptoms.