我国秸秆禁烧与利用工作成效、问题及建议

The Effectiveness,Problems and Suggestions of Straw Banning and Utilization in China

我国秸秆产生量大、地域分布广、种类多,秸秆乱堆乱放、露天焚烧现象引发了一系列环境和社会问题。近年来,我国秸秆综合利用取得了显著成效,政策保障体系逐渐建立、综合利用科技水平明显提高、收储运及综合利用模式实现多元化、综合利用效益有所提升,但依然存在秸秆禁烧主要靠行政强制手段、秸秆机械化直接还田量大、秸秆综合利用项目布局不够合理等问题,本文提出了应提高思想认识、完善禁烧工作机制、提升利用水平、加强资金及政策支持、政府各主管部门形成工作合力、多方协同推进等建议,以推动我国秸秆禁烧与利用工作。

Straw in China production is large,distribution is wide geographical,and type is variety.Straw random heap and open burning has caused a series of environmental and social problems.In recent years,utilization of straw in China have made efficiency improved,as policy guarantee system gradually establishing,science and technology level of utilization obviously improved,collection and storage model mode diversification,comprehensive utilization mode diversification,utilization efficiency improved.However,there are still some problems,such as straw burning prohibition mainly relies on administrative coercive means,large amount of straw directly into the field by mechanization,unreasonable layout of straw utilization projects and so on.This paper puts forward some suggestions,such as improving the ideological understanding,improving the working mechanism of prohibit straw open burning,improving the utilization level,strengthening the financial and policy support,forming cooperation working force of the government departments in charge,and promoting the multiparty coordination,in order to promote straw burning prohibition and utilization work of China.