从经络理论谈针灸治疗偏头痛

Discussion About Acupuncture in Treating Migraine Based on Meridian and Collateral Theory

针灸治疗偏头痛以经络辨证为核心,在十二经脉中根据经脉循行部位的不同将头痛分为阳明头痛、少阳头痛、太阳头痛、厥阴头痛等,经络辨证选穴依据主要有本经配穴、同名经配穴、表里经配穴、辨证配穴以及根据病变部位上下左右配穴,而偏头痛的发病部位有明显经脉循行的特点。从经脉论,偏头痛属少阳头痛,与足少阳胆经及手少阳三焦经关系更为密切,循经取穴是治疗偏头痛的核心。从络病论,偏头痛符合脑络易滞易瘀、易入难出、易积成形的病变特点,治疗上宜通络止痛、气血同治,以尽快促进脑络功能恢复,防治脑络器质性病变。

Acupuncture treatment of migraine is based on the differentiation of meridians.In the twelve meridians,headache can be divided into yangming headache,shaoyang headache,taiyang headache, jueyin headache according to the different parts of meridians.The basis of meridian differentiation and acupoint selection mainly includes selection of points on the diseased meridian,selection of points on the meridians with the same name,selection of points on exterior and interior meridians,selection of points according to syndrome differentiation,selection of points at the upper,lower,left and right sides according to the pathological location.However,the location of migraine has obvious characteristics of meridian circulation.Based on meridian theory,migraine belongs to shaoyang headache,which is closely related to the foot shaoyang gallbladder channel and the hand shaoyang sanjiao channel,so acupoint selection along meridians is the core of treating migraine.Based on collateral theory,migraine conforms to the pathological characteristics of brain collateral,which is easy to have stagnation and blood stasis,easy to enter and difficult to leave,easy to accumulate.The treatment of migraine should focus on unblocking the collaterals and relieving pain,regulating qi and blood together so as to promote the functional recovery of brain collateral as soon as possible,and prevent and treat the organic pathological changes.