基于新型地理信息系统的急性心肌梗死空间数据地图建设研究

Research on spatial data map construction of acute myocardial infarction based on new geographic information system

目的探讨基于新型地理信息系统的急性心肌梗死空间数据地图建设。方法选择2016年1月至2018年5月佛山市南海区发病的胸痛患者2313例作为研究对象,根据佛山市南海区下辖镇街进行分组:桂城街道组、里水镇组、九江镇组、丹灶镇组、大沥镇组、狮山镇组、西樵镇组。所有患者入院后立即进入“急性胸痛绿色通道”,在患者到达急诊科10 min完成初步评估,并完成患者心肌损伤标志物测定与心电图检查,记录患者发病时间,根据患者的住院病历号提取相关信息进行建图、分析,建立AMI发病数据库。结果AMI患者2313例中,男1654例,女659例。其中,桂城街道组380例、里水镇组315例、九江镇组177例、丹灶镇组152例、大沥镇组497例、狮山镇组641例、西樵镇组151例;2016年1月至2018年5月南海区发病的胸痛患者2313例,发病率前3位的分别为:狮山镇、大沥镇、桂城街道,分别占:27.7%、21.5%和16.4%;空间自相关性分析结果表明,南海地区AMI患者发病具有群体聚集性,即在某些村镇AMI发病例数明显增多。结论佛山市南海区心肌梗死发病存在地区分布规律,加强空间数据地图建设能发现急性心肌梗死救治延误高发区,能为临床有效防控提供依据。

Objective To explore the construction of spatial data map of acute myocardial infarction based on new geographic information system.Methods From January 2016 to May 2018,2313 chest pain patients in Nanhai District of Foshan were selected as study objects,according to Nanhai District of Foshan City under the jurisdiction of the town street grouping:Guicheng street group,Lishui town group,Jiujiang town group,Danzao town group,Dali town group,Shishan town group and Xiqiao town group.All patients admitted to hospital immediately after entering the"green channel"acute chest pain,arrived at an Emergency Department in patients with 10 min to complete the preliminary assessment,and completed the myocardial injury markers in patients with determination and electrocardiogram examination,recorded the sick time,according to patients'hospitalized case number,built figure extract relevant information and analysised of the onset of AMI database was established.Results Among the 2313 AMI patients,1654 were male and 659 were female.Among them,380 cases of Guicheng street group,315 cases of Lishui town group,177 cases of Jiujiang town group,152 cases of Danzao town group,497 cases of Dali town group,641 cases of Shishan town group,151 cases of Xiqiao town group.From January 2016 to May 2018,there were 2313 chest pain patients in Nanhai District.The top three incidence rates were:Shishan town,Dali town and Guicheng street,accounting for 27.7%,21.5%and 16.4%respectively.The results of spatial autocorrelation analysis showed that the incidence of AMI patients in the Nanhai District was clustered,the incidence of AMI increased significantly in some villages and towns.Conclusion The incidence of myocardial infarction in Nanhai District of Foshan has regional distribution rules,and strengthening the construction of spatial data map can find areas with high incidence of delayed treatment of acute myocardial infarction,which can provide evidence for clinical effective prevention and control.