先天性缺失牙应用牙体种植配合正畸疗法治疗的近远期疗效观察

Observation on short-term efficacy and long-term efficacy of dental implant combined with orthodontic treatment on congenital missing teeth

目的观察先天性缺失牙患者应用牙体种植配合正畸疗法治疗的近远期疗效。方法选取2014年2月至2015年2月本院收治的先天性牙缺失患者160例,按治疗方法的不同分为对照组(234颗)与观察组(245颗),各80例。对照组接受单纯牙体种植修复治疗,观察组接受牙体种植+正畸疗法治疗。比较两组患者治疗后3个月、6个月及1年牙体种植成功率及总咬合力,记录治疗前、治疗1年后两组患者咀嚼功能(咀嚼功能调查问卷)、语言功能(语言功能调查问卷)差异。结果观察组患者在治疗后3个月、6个月和1年时牙体种植成功率均明显高于对照组(P<0.05),但两组患者治疗后1年牙体种植成功率均明显低于治疗后3个月(P<0.05)。观察组患者在治疗后3个月、6个月、1年时总咬合力均明显高于对照组(P<0.05),但同组不同时间点比较,差异无统计学意义。治疗1年后,两组患者咀嚼功能和语言功能评分均高于治疗前,且观察组高于对照组(P<0.05)。结论牙体种植配合正畸疗法治疗有助于提高先天性缺失牙患者牙体种植成功率,提高术后总咬合力,并对改善咀嚼功能与语言功能产生积极影响。

Objective To observe the short-term efficacy and long-term efficacy of dental implant combined with orthodontic treatment on patients with congenital missing teeth.Methods 160 patients with congenital tooth loss admitted to our hospital from February 2014 to February 2015 were selected.According to different treatment methods,they were divided into control group(234 teeth)and observation group(245 teeth),with 80 cases in each group.The control group received simple dental implant repair treatment,the observation group received dental implant+orthodontic treatment.The success rate of dental implant and total occlusal force were compared between the two groups at 3 months,6 months and 1 year after treatment,and the masticatory function(masticatory function questionnaire)and language function(language function questionnaire)were recorded in the two groups before treatment and after 1 year of treatment.Results The success rate of dental implant in observation group at 3 months,6 months and 1 year after treatment was significantly higher than that in control group at the same period(P<0.05),and the success rate of dental implant in the two groups at 1 year after treatment was significantly lower than that at 3 months after treatment(P<0.05).The total occlusal force in observation group at 3 months,6 months and 1 year after treatment was significantly higher than that in control group at the same period(P<0.05),and there was no significant difference in the same group at different time points.After 1 year of treatment,the scores of masticatory function and language function in the two groups were higher than those before treatment,and the scores in observation group were higher than those in control group at the same period(P<0.05).Conclusion Dental implant combined with orthodontic treatment can help improve the success rate of dental implant and increase the total occlusal force after surgery of patients with congenital missing teeth,and it has a positive impact on improving masticatory function and language function.