试论春秋战国时期的和同思想

On the Thoughts of He and Tong in the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period

中国古代的和同思想形成于春秋时期。春秋时期的思想家、政治家论述了和与同的区别,从总体上倡导和、同,并将它运用到社会生活的方方面面,形成了较为完善的和同思想体系。战国时期儒家、道家、墨家以及杂家对和、同思想多有阐述,唯法家罕有论及,出现了玄同、太和、和合、和同、大同等思想观念。这些思想观念表现于人们的宇宙观,成为士人自身修养和处理各种关系的准则,也成为一种政治思想和社会理想。这些思想经过秦汉以降思想家、政治家的传承与发挥,成为中国优秀传统文化的重要组成部分。和同思想的弘扬对于提高民众思想道德素质,树立社会主义核心价值观,构建人类命运共同体,都具有重要的现实意义。

The ancient Chinese thought of He(Harmony) and Tong(Sameness) was formed in the Spring and Autumn period.Thinkers and statesmen discussed the differences between He and Tong.But on the whole,they advocated both and applied them to all aspects of social life,forming a relatively complete system of He and Tong Ideology.In the Warring States Period,Confucianism,Taoism,Mohism and Eclectics expounded on the thoughts,except for Legalism.The ideas of Xuan Tong,Tai He,He He,He Tong,Da Tong,etc.appeared thereafter were expressed in people’ s cosmology and became the criterion for intellectuals’ self-cultivation and handling of various relations as well as a kind of political thoughts and social ideal.Inherited and developed by the thinkers and politicians since the Qin and Han Dynasties,these ideas have been an important part of China’ s excellent traditional culture.The promotion of He and Tong is of great practical significance to the improvement of people ’ s ideological and moral quality,the establishment of core socialist values and the construction of the Community of Shared Future for Mankind.