地磁快速定向在天文测量自动化中的应用

Application of Rapid Geomagnetic Orientation in Automation of Astronomical Measurement

通过自动寻星进行天文测量前需要概略定向。基于地磁定向高效、可靠的测量特点,提出在天文观测前利用地磁测量快速获得概略方位的方法。研究了地磁定向的使用条件,介绍了利用TCM-XB三轴罗盘定向的基本原理,测试了磁传感器的磁定向精度,进行了磁传感器与天文测量仪器实验平台组合设计。基于地磁与经纬仪的组合实验测试表明,在不同方向磁传感器定向最大互差约为1°,其固定方向定向内符合优于0.1°,可以满足基于视频全站仪/经纬仪的天文测量系统概略寻星要求。

In order to carry out astronomical survey by automatically searching for stars, pre-survey general orientation is required. Based on the characteristics of geomagnetic orientation which is efficient and reliable, a quick method for obtaining the general orientation based on geomagnetic survey is proposed in this poper. The application condition of geomagnetic orientation is studied, the basic principle of TCM-XB three-axis compass orientation is introduced, the accuracy of geomagnetic orientation of magnetic sensor is tested, and the experimental platform combination design of magnetic sensor and astronomical measuring instrument is carried out. The combination experimental based on magnetic and theodolite shows that the orientation maximum mutual difference of magnetic sensors in different directions is about 1 degree, and the orientation internal accord accuracy of the fixed direction reach is better than 0.1°, which can satisfy the general star searching requirements of the astronomical measurement system based on the total station/theodolite.