三种晚熟甜橙冷磨精油挥发性及主体香气成分的比较分析

Comparative analysis of volatile and principal aroma components ofcold-pressed oil from three varieties of late-maturing sweet oranges

为研究重庆主栽晚熟甜橙精油的挥发性及主体香气物质的组成含量特点,采用顶空固相微萃取-气质联用技术和香气活度值(odor activity values,OAV)分析奥林达夏橙、五月红甜橙和晚熟血橙的果皮冷磨精油(cold-pressed oil,CPO)。3个品种中分别鉴定出53、54和52个挥发性物质,其中D-柠檬烯含量普遍较低;奥林达CPO醇酚类、醛酮类含量更高,五月红和晚熟血橙CPO含较高的萜类物质。OAV分析表明,3种CPO的主体香气贡献物质包括对伞花烃、癸醛、己醛、壬醛和芳樟醇等30个成分,体现柑橘香、花香、油脂香等8类主要香气属性;奥林达CPO中花香、脂香和甜香类物质OAV较高,晚熟血橙CPO中松香和木香类物质OAV较高。本地区3个晚熟甜橙冷磨油的主体香气属性各具特点,适合加工不同类型的低萜精油,提升晚熟甜橙的产品附加值。

In order to develop the essential oil resources from major late-maturing sweet oranges cultivars in Chongqing,the volatile and principal aroma components of essential oil were studied for their composition and concentration characters.Techniques of headspace solid-phase micro-extraction-gas chromatography-mass spectrometry combined with odor activity values(OAV)were applied to analyze the cold-pressed oil(CPO)from Olinda Valencia Orange,Wuyuehong Orange and Late-maturing Blood Orange peel.The results showed that 53,54 and 52 volatile components were respectively identified from the three varieties of CPO,among which D-limonene generally had comparatively low molar fraction.Olinda CPO contained higher concentration of hydroxyl(alcohols and phenols)and carbonyl(aldehydes and ketones)compounds while Wuyuehong and Late-maturing Blood Orange CPO contained higher concentrations of terpene volatiles.OAV analysis showed that 30 components including p-cymene,decanal,hexanal,nonanal and linalool were found as principal aroma contributors in the three CPOs.They form eight major aroma attributes such as citrusy,floral and lipid etc.Olinda CPO had higher OAVs of floral,lipid and sweet attributes while Late-maturing Blood Orange CPO had higher OAV of piney and woody attribute.In conclusion,the three local varieties of late-maturing sweet orange CPO exhibited varied characteristics.They are suitable for processing different types of low terpene essential oil,so as to enhance the added value of late-maturing sweet orange products.