频率衰减斜率属性在地震资料解释中的应用

Application of the frequency attenuation slope attribute in the seismic data interpretation

随着勘探开发的深入,针对复杂断裂和沉积现象的有效识别变得异常重要,它直接影响圈闭的落实和目标评价。根据地震波传播理论,当地质体中有流体、断层、裂缝等时,会引起地震波的散射和能量以及频率的衰减。目前频率衰减属性是预测储层含油气性一种常规技术手段,通过分析频率衰减的细微差异,提出利用频率衰减斜率属性识别不同地质异常体的尝试。针对海外X区块的复杂断裂、沉积水道等识别困难等问题,利用对研究目标的频率衰减斜率属性切片能够有效地区分出断裂和沉积水道等地质异常,同时结合传统的相干切片,更利于帮助断裂精细解释和水道等沉积体的精细雕刻研究,有效提高解释的效率和精度。频率衰减斜率属性反映更多的地质信息,可以较直观地识别出不同沉积现象与断裂,帮助有效落实圈闭。

With the deepgoing of exploration and development, the effective identification of the complex faults and sedimentary phenomena become more and more important, because it directly affects the trap implementation and target evaluation. On the basis of the seismic wave propagation theory, when the geologic body includes fluids, faults, fractures and so on, the seismic wave diffusion will be easy to cause as well as the attenuation of the energy and frequency. At present,the frequency attenuation attribute is the conventional technical means of predicting hydrocarbon-bearing reservoirs. Through analyzing the subtle difference of the frequency attenuation, the attempt to identify different geological anomalies was proposed with the help of the frequency attenuation slope attribute. For overseas Block X’s identification difficulties i.e. the complex faults and sedimentary water channel and so forth, by means of the obtained frequency attenuation slope attribute slice of the researched target, the geological anomalies such as the faults and sedimentary water channel and so on can be effectively identified, at the same time, integrated with the traditional coherence slice, the fine interpretation of the faults and fine characterization of the water channel etc. can be beneficially and easily studied, thus the interpreted efficiency and precision can be effectively improved. The frequency attenuation slope attribute can reflect more geological information, intuitively identify different sedimentary phenomena & faults and furthermore help to implement the traps effectively.