人工智能技术设计的认识论问题——基于认识论史的研究述评

Epistemological Issues in the Design of Artificial Intelligence Technology:A Review Based on the History of Epistemology

学界从不同层次与视角对人工智能技术设计的认识论问题进行了探讨,凸显了如下研究特色:一是揭示了人工智能技术设计路径认识论预设;二是奠定了本论题研究的哲学基础;三是提出了图灵测试、框架问题和意向性等有待深入剖析和系统整理的认识论问题;四是提供了从人工智能技术拓展到认识论等可资借鉴的研究思路。但是,还存在一定的不足:一是以往研究停留于技术设计、技术认识层面的较多,而研究人工智能技术设计的认识本身的不多;二是以往研究缺乏对人工智能技术设计认识论问题的历史梳理与问题提炼;三是以往研究还未能揭示人工智能技术设计的认识论问题内在线索,也未能清晰阐明其相比于以往认识论的特质与定位。

In academia the epistemology of AI technology design has been discussed from different levels and perspectives,which highlights the following research features:Firstly,it reveals epistemological presupposition of design path on AI technology;secondly,philosophical foundation have been established for the research of this topic;thirdly,it puts forward some epistemological problems,such as Turing test,frame problem and intentionality which need to be further analyzed and systematized;fourthly,it provides research approaches for reference in the transformation from AI technology to epistemology.However,there are still some shortcomings:Firstly,the previous researches focus mainly on technology design and technology cognition,but scarcely on epistemic itself of AI technology design;secondly,there is a lack of historical combing and problem extraction on the epistemological problems of AI technology design;thirdly,previous studies have not revealed the internal clues in epistemological problems of AI technology design,and it also fails to clarify its characteristics and positioning compared with previous epistemology.