二维碳化物在柔性电磁吸波领域的研究进展

Research progress of two-dimensional carbide in field of flexible electromagnetic absorbing

针对传统电磁屏蔽材料因反射电磁波导致二次污染,现有吸波材料厚重、易腐蚀、柔韧性差、吸波频带窄等问题,归纳总结了新型二维过渡金属碳/氮化合物(MXene)及其柔性复合材料在吸波领域的应用研究。分析了MXene所具有的本征缺陷、官能团、高导电率、大的比表面积对吸波性能的影响,提炼出MXene及其柔性复合材料的吸波机制。指出MXene及其柔性复合材料可以通过改变化合物结构和形态结构、层层自组装、复合改性等方法,制备以吸收电磁波为主的电磁屏蔽材料,为新一代轻质超薄、柔性宽频、吸收型电磁屏蔽材料的发展及其在便携可穿戴电子设备上的应用提供了研究方向。

In view of the secondary pollution caused by the reflection of electromagnetic waves by traditional electromagnetic shielding materials and the problems of heavy,corrosive and poor flexibility of existing absorbing materials,this paper summarizes the application research of the new two-dimensional transition metal carbon/nitrogen compound MXene and its flexible composite materials in the field of absorbing microwave.The effects of intrinsic defects,functional groups,high electrical conductivity and large specific surface area on absorbing properties of MXene were analyzed,and the absorbing mechanism of MXene and its flexible composites was extracted.It is pointed out that MXene and its composites can be used as electromagnetic shielding materials mainly based on absorbing electromagnetic waves by changing the structure and morphology of their compounds,layer-by-layer self-assembly and composite modification,which provides a research direction for the development of new generation of lightweight,ultra-thin,flexible broadband,absorbing electromagnetic shielding materials and their applications in portable wearable electronic devices.